The Tropical Upper Montane Forest.
Theses forest types are seen in peak Wilderness, Piduruthalagala, Bogawanthalawa and Horton Plains. The Rainfall is over 4000mm annually. Elevation up to 1800m - 2000m or more. This area is subjected to strong winds.
Main tree species are Syzygium, Gordonia, Michelia, Elaeocarpus, Calophyllum walkeri, Actinodaphne and Litsea
The trunks of trees are covered with lichen and mosses. Many fern sp (Alsophila Psychotria) are also dominates the undergrowth.
Among fauna found in the montane forests are the Mammals ( purple faced leaf monkey, toque monkey, wild boar, barking deer, giant squirrel, slender loris and sambhur),birds, Amphibians, fishes.
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Mahinda Gunawardena (Curator Botany Colombo Museum)
Mahinda Gunawardena (Curator Botany Colombo Museum)
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- Beaches, Spits and DunesMuch of the coastline of t...
- Salt MarshesSalt marshes in Sri lanka occur mainly...
- MangrovesMangrooves occur near the mouths of river...
- TalawaThease arises as a result of forest and chen...
- Villus These are wet grassland found in the ...
- Wet PatanaThey occure elevation around 2000 m. Gra...
- Dry Patanasthese are extensive grasslands totaling...
- SavannasThe savannas consist of grasslands with sc...
- Riverine Forests.These are forest associated with ...
- The Tropical Upper Montane Forest. Theses...
- The Tropical Lower Montane ForestOn the southwest ...
- Tropical Thorn Forest. This ecosystem is ...
- Dry Mixed Evergreen Forest.This ecosystem can be s...
- The Tropical Rain forest
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ABOUT SRILANKA
Sri Lanka's position between 5 and 10 north latitude endows the country with a warm climate, moderated by ocean winds and considerable moisture. The mean temperature ranges from a low of 15.8 °C in Nuwara Eliya in the Central Highlands (where frost may occur for several days in the winter) to a high of 29° C in Trincomalee on the northeast coast (where temperatures may reach 37 °C). The average yearly temperature for the country as a whole ranges from 26 to 28 °C. Day and night temperatures may vary by 4 to 7. January is the coolest month, causing people, especially those in the highlands, to wear coats and sweaters. May, the hottest period, precedes the summer monsoon rains.
The rainfall pattern is influenced by the monsoon winds of the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal and is marked by four seasons. The first is from mid-May to October, when winds originate in the southwest, bringing moisture from the Indian Ocean. When these winds encounter the slopes of the Central Highlands, they unload heavy rains on the mountain slopes and the southwestern sector of the island. Some of the windward slopes receive up to 2500 mm of rain per month, but the leeward slopes in the east and northeast receive little rain. The second season occurs in October and November, the intermonsoonal months. During this season, periodic squalls occur and sometimes tropical cyclones bring overcast skies and rains to the southwest, northeast, and eastern parts of the island. During the third season, December to March, monsoon winds come from the northeast, bringing moisture from the Bay of Bengal. The northeastern slopes of the mountains may be inundated with up to 1250 mm of rain during these months. Another intermonsoonal period occurs from March until mid-May, with light, variable winds and evening thundershowers.
Humidity is typically higher in the southwest and mountainous areas and depends on the seasonal patterns of rainfall. At Colombo, for example, daytime humidity stays above 70 % all year, rising to almost 90 percent during the monsoon season in June. Anuradhapura experiences a daytime low of 60 % during the intermonsoonal month of March, but a high of 79 % during the November and December rains. In the highlands, Kandy's daytime humidity usually ranges between 70 and 79 %.
The rainfall pattern is influenced by the monsoon winds of the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal and is marked by four seasons. The first is from mid-May to October, when winds originate in the southwest, bringing moisture from the Indian Ocean. When these winds encounter the slopes of the Central Highlands, they unload heavy rains on the mountain slopes and the southwestern sector of the island. Some of the windward slopes receive up to 2500 mm of rain per month, but the leeward slopes in the east and northeast receive little rain. The second season occurs in October and November, the intermonsoonal months. During this season, periodic squalls occur and sometimes tropical cyclones bring overcast skies and rains to the southwest, northeast, and eastern parts of the island. During the third season, December to March, monsoon winds come from the northeast, bringing moisture from the Bay of Bengal. The northeastern slopes of the mountains may be inundated with up to 1250 mm of rain during these months. Another intermonsoonal period occurs from March until mid-May, with light, variable winds and evening thundershowers.
Humidity is typically higher in the southwest and mountainous areas and depends on the seasonal patterns of rainfall. At Colombo, for example, daytime humidity stays above 70 % all year, rising to almost 90 percent during the monsoon season in June. Anuradhapura experiences a daytime low of 60 % during the intermonsoonal month of March, but a high of 79 % during the November and December rains. In the highlands, Kandy's daytime humidity usually ranges between 70 and 79 %.
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